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Jews of Berber Origin: Myth or Reality?

Captured 2025-11-22

82

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Jews of Berber Origin: Myth or Reality?

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This academic article by Alexander Beider, published in the *Hamsa Journal of Judaic and Islamic Studies*, critically examines the theory of "Judeo-Berbers" through an onomastic (name study) approach. The theory posits that Jews living in the Maghreb (North Africa) during recent centuries partially descended from Berber tribes who converted to Judaism before the Arab conquest of the 7th century. Beider's research specifically focuses on analyzing Jewish surnames and given names from Morocco and Algeria to test whether linguistic evidence supports this historical claim about Jewish-Berber ancestry. The article's central finding challenges the prevailing Judeo-Berber theory by demonstrating that evidence for Berber origins exists for only a very limited number of Jewish names - specifically one given name and several dozen surnames from Morocco, plus a few from eastern Algeria. Crucially, Beider argues that these Berber-origin names appeared only in Jewish communities that used Berber languages as their vernacular, with no evidence of their existence during the medieval period. This temporal limitation undermines claims that these names represent ancient connections to Berber converts to Judaism. The research methodically debunks onomastic arguments previously used by proponents of the Judeo-Berber theory, showing them to be "untenable." Written for an academic audience interested in Jewish studies, Islamic studies, and North African history, this article contributes to broader scholarly debates about Jewish origins and diaspora communities. The work is particularly significant because it addresses how ideological frameworks have influenced interpretations of limited historical evidence. By focusing solely on linguistic and onomastic data rather than ideological motivations, Beider provides a more objective assessment of Jewish-Berber connections. The article includes detailed sections analyzing the historical development of Judeo-Berber theories from the early 20th century through various scholars' contributions, making it valuable for understanding how academic theories evolve and sometimes persist despite insufficient evidence. The paper is structured as a comprehensive scholarly analysis with eight main sections, including detailed examination of specific surnames and their linguistic characteristics. As part of a special issue on "Onomastics of Muslims and Jews," it represents specialized research that combines historical methodology with linguistic analysis to address questions of ethnic and religious identity in North African Jewish communities.

Citation (APA Style)

Jews of Berber Origin: Myth or Reality?. (2025, 11 22). journals.openedition.org. https://journals.openedition.org/hamsa/693

Technical Metadata

Domain journals.openedition.org
File Size 186 KB
Archived 2025-11-22T14:26:47.932139
Document ID #82
Languages 5 available