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New Jewish Cemetery, Essaouira, Morocco | Archive | Diarna.org

Captured 2025-11-22

35

Archived Document

New Jewish Cemetery, Essaouira, Morocco | Archive | Diarna.org

Description

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This webpage from the Diarna archive provides a comprehensive historical and cultural documentation of the New Jewish Cemetery in Essaouira, Morocco, serving as a digital preservation effort for Jewish heritage sites. The page functions as both an educational resource and historical record, detailing the establishment of this cemetery in 1875 as a response to the dramatic growth of Essaouira's Jewish population during the 19th century. The site presents detailed information about the cemetery's significance within the broader context of Moroccan Jewish history, including its role in serving one of Morocco's largest Jewish communities, which at its peak comprised approximately 40% of Essaouira's total population. The content provides extensive historical context about Essaouira's Jewish quarter (mellah), tracing the community's origins to the city's founding by Alaouite Sultan Sidi Mohammed ben Abdellah in 1764. The page explains how the port city quickly became a major trading hub that attracted Jewish merchants and workers, leading to such population growth that both the mellah and cemetery facilities required expansion. Particularly noteworthy is the documentation of class divisions within the Jewish community, where elite families lived in the casbah quarter while poorer Jews resided in the mellah, and the description of the remarkably pluralistic society where "division was really a division of class and not of religion," with intermarriage being widely accepted and places of worship shared between Muslims and Jews. The page details the cemetery's unique characteristics, noting that it houses tombs of over one hundred rabbis and important community members, including poet David Alkaïm, whose inscriptions are etched on various tombstones. An interesting cultural observation is made about the gravestones bearing epigraphic inscriptions and sculpted human forms, which typically contradicts Mosaic Law and Jewish tradition. The documentation also addresses the community's decline, explaining how the French Protectorate period (1912-1956) and the establishment of Israel in 1948 led to massive Jewish emigration, leaving only about 2% of the original population. Today, remarkably, a Muslim resident serves as the cemetery's caretaker, and burials have occurred as recently as 2010, demonstrating the site's continued relevance and the interfaith cooperation that characterizes modern Essaouira. The webpage serves as part of a broader digital preservation initiative, featuring academic-level documentation with extensive footnoting and cross-references to related sites, including links to information about the Old Jewish Cemetery. The target audience appears to be researchers, students of Middle Eastern and Jewish history, and those interested in Moroccan cultural heritage. The page includes interactive mapping features, a photo gallery, and disclaimers encouraging community contribution to ensure accuracy and completeness of the historical record, reflecting modern collaborative approaches to cultural preservation and documentation.

Citation (APA Style)

New Jewish Cemetery, Essaouira, Morocco | Archive | Diarna.org. (2025, 11 22). archive.diarna.org. http://archive.diarna.org/site/detail/public/2307/

Technical Metadata

Domain archive.diarna.org
File Size 1672 KB
Archived 2025-11-22T00:49:30.440328
Document ID #35
Languages 5 available