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Old Jewish Cemetery, Essaouira, Morocco | Archive | Diarna.org

Captured 2025-11-22

34

Archived Document

Old Jewish Cemetery, Essaouira, Morocco | Archive | Diarna.org

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This webpage from the Diarna Archive provides a comprehensive historical and cultural documentation of the Old Jewish Cemetery in Essaouira, Morocco, serving as both an educational resource and preservation effort for Moroccan Jewish heritage. The page focuses specifically on the older of two Jewish cemeteries in Essaouira, which faces the Atlantic coast and was used until the 18th century, when rapid Jewish population growth necessitated a second burial ground. The cemetery houses prominent figures from Essaouira's Jewish community, most notably Rabbi Haim Pinto, whose mausoleum has become a pilgrimage site for visitors seeking the blessings of this revered sage and miracle worker. The content provides rich historical context about Essaouira's remarkable Jewish community, which at its peak comprised approximately 40% of the city's population, making it one of Morocco's largest Jewish settlements. Founded in 1764 by Sultan Sidi Mohammed ben Abdellah as a major trading port, Essaouira attracted Jewish merchants and traders who played crucial roles in the city's economic development. The page details how the 1807 Sultan's decree established separate mellahs (Jewish quarters), though interestingly, class divisions often superseded religious ones in Essaouira, with wealthy Jewish families living in the casbah quarter alongside Muslims, and intermarriage being widely accepted. The community's decline began during the French Protectorate (1912-1956) as economic opportunities shifted to Casablanca and Agadir, culminating in massive emigration following Israel's establishment in 1948, after which only about 2% of the Jewish population remained. The webpage particularly emphasizes ongoing preservation efforts and the cemetery's cultural significance in contemporary Morocco. It highlights the work of individuals like Asher Knafo, who transcribes tombstone inscriptions, and discusses the artistic legacy of David Elkaïm, a notable stone mason, poet, and rabbi whose Hebrew poetry adorns many tombstones and who is gaining recognition as a significant Hebrew poet for his works about Palestine. The site serves modern cultural tourism, attracting Jewish diaspora communities seeking to connect with their Moroccan heritage. As part of the Diarna Archive's mission to document Jewish sites across the Islamic world, this entry combines historical research with contemporary preservation advocacy, targeting both academic researchers and community members interested in Sephardic and Moroccan Jewish history.

Citation (APA Style)

Old Jewish Cemetery, Essaouira, Morocco | Archive | Diarna.org. (2025, 11 22). archive.diarna.org. http://archive.diarna.org/site/detail/public/2955/

Technical Metadata

Domain archive.diarna.org
File Size 1647 KB
Archived 2025-11-22T00:47:39.794925
Document ID #34
Languages 5 available